Among the different AML-related gene-mutation signatures (Fig. 5B), we observed no difference in risk scores between the mutation-positive patients—such as Ras-activating, FLT3-mutated, IDH1-mutated, and nucleophosmin cytoplasmic (NPMc) profiles—compared with the mutation-negative patients. The gene discussed is NPM1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.