TYROBP and Alzheimer disease: Many receptors have been identified that act by furnishing ligand-binding ectodomains and short transmembrane domains to the TYROBP adaptor [49–51], and some of these receptors are expressed in human and rodent brains and are known to be associated with AD (Table 1). For example, the signal regulatory protein-β1 (SIRPβ1) is a microglial receptor associated with TYROBP [52, 53].