ICOS and breast cancer: found that MWA could activate the ICOS pathway to induce acquired immunity in the treatment of breast cancer.[147] It was also found that the proinflammatory cytokines including IL‐1β and IL‐6 were increased in the circulatory system after MWA treatment, suggesting the occurrence of inflammatory responses.[148] Another team used the single‐cell sequencing technology to analyze and compare the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of six patients with early breast cancers before and after MWA treatment.