For example, Conforti et al. conducted a meta-analysis of randomized and controlled clinical trials evaluating sex-based differences in response to first-line ICI monotherapy in patients with NSCLC expressing high PD-L1 levels and showed that the pooled hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for overall survival (OS) reported in males vs females was 0.71 (0.64–0.98), indicating a significantly greater effect for males [4]. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.