Those of Tph and CXCR5+ IgD+ CD27− naive B cell (CXCR5+ nB) slightly increased in patients with new-onset SLE (median: Tph SLE 3.957%, HD 2.370%, P = 0.0389; CXCR5+ nB SLE 11.494%, HD 3.829%, P = 0.0169). Here, TPH1 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.