SORT1 and Alzheimer disease: Sortilin protein and the cytoplasmic domain of sortilin are found to be significantly increased in brains of AD patients, which contribute to the pathogenesis of AD by increasing cell death and impairing neuronal differentiation [199, 257]. LRP1 mRNA and protein are reported to be increased in neurons and GFAP-positive activated astrocytes associated with neuroinflammation in AD patients [258, 259].