SPINK1 and hereditary chronic pancreatitis: Since the report identifying mutation of the cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1) gene as the cause of hereditary pancreatitis in 1996 [25], abnormalities in various pancreatitis-associated genes, including cystic fibrosis membrane conductance regulator (CFTR) [26, 27], pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (SPINK1) [28], chymotrypsin C (CTRC) [29], carboxypeptidase A1 (CPA1) [30], and calcium ion channel TRPV6 [31], have been reported.