Notably, the NOD-like receptor proteins NOD1 and NOD2 can participate in innate immune responses [27], and NOD1 stimulates the release of chemokines, such as CXCL-8, CXCL-1, and CXCL-2, which can attract neutrophils to the site of infection [28]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL1 and infection.