PDCD1 and neoplasm: Monotherapy with anti-PD-1 antibody showed limited activity (TGI 29%), and nab-PTX slightly increased tumor growth inhibition (TGI 43%), while the combination treatment of nab-PTX and anti-PD-1 antibody resulted in substantially improved efficacy (TGI 60%, p< 0.05) compared with any monotherapy group.