GPC3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Further studies in vitro and in vivo showed the CAR-T cells could recognize GPC3 expressed on the surface of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, which enhanced targeting abilities of the NPs; and the CAR T cells could eliminate cancer cells by single-chain variable region (ScFv) on the cell membranes of CAR-T cells, in a non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted way.