As this circuit is thought to play a key role in generating the preovulatory surge in female rodents [reviewed in (104)] by driving the activity of RP3VKISS1 neurons and, downstream, GnRH neurons (32, 53, 65), these impairments might contribute to ovulatory dysfunction in this animal model of PCOS. The gene discussed is GNRH1; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.