Our study found that in WD, the function of the HPT axis is impaired, and copper deposition may be related to the inhibition of phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 signaling pathway and the promotion of expression of downstream pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3, as well as the inhibition of expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, leading to an increased apoptosis of hypothalamus neurons and pituitary cells. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is Wilson disease.