The summary estimated incidence of diabetes was 1.4% (95%CI, 0.3-3.1) for IFN, 0.55% (95%CI, 0.05-1.57) for IFN α, 3.3% (95%CI,1.1-6.6) for IFN α+RBV.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our meta-analysis shows a high incidence of endocrine adverse events provoked by IFN, further reinforced by combined RBV treatment.<h4>Systematic review registration</h4>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022334131. The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.