These findings suggested that CAC results from persistent inflammation in the intestinal mucosa, occurring in an “inflammation-dysplasia-cancer” sequence (Gui et al., 2020; Bocchetti et al., 2021), with the NF-κB/IL-6/STAT3 signaling cascade being essential for maintaining the immune microenvironment and driving the transition from inflammation to cancer. Here, NFKB1 is linked to cancer.