KL and urinary bladder carcinoma: To overcome the potential nonspecific interactions, Jung et al. designed and synthesized a mixed peptide (Bld-1-KLA) consisting of 1) a targeting peptide to bladder cancer cells CSNRDARRC (Bld-1) and 2) an effector peptide D-KLAKLAKKLAKLAK (KLA) that can destroy the mitochondrial membrane and induce apoptosis.