PTX3 and Kawasaki disease: Interestingly, PTX3 has been suggested as a biomarker for the unresponsiveness to intravenous immunoglobulin treatment of patients with Kawasaki disease, causing inflammation of blood vessels throughout the body (PTX3 and PREDICTS INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN UNRESPONSIVENESS IN PATIENTS WITH KAWASAKI DISEASE, 2011; Kitoh et al., 2021).