ADAR and hydrops fetalis: In light of the above findings and considering activation of ER stress response and UPR is central in not only IHD,176,177 HF,178,179 but also in CVDs in general,180 the contribution of ADAR1 p150 in controlling the MDA5–MAVS–INF-axis, ER stress, and activation of UPR in the myocardium warrants further investigation.