It has been shown that MSCs restrain the development and activation of Th1 and Th17 cells by producing anti-proinflammatory factors, such as HLA, IL-10, TGF-β, and PGE2, and boost T cells and suppress B cells proliferation by promoting the expression of CD40, IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-β in colitis (68) (Figure 2A). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is colitis.