When compared with HHLA2−/PD-L1−, HHLA2−/PD-L1−, and HHLA2−/PD-L1+ groups, HHLA2+/PD-L1+ shows the highest density of CD8+ and CD4+ TILs and risk of ccRCC progression. Here, HHLA2 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.