HSPA5 and acute myeloid leukemia: The AML burden in mice was quantified and surrogated as bioluminescence, and the group of mice with GRP78-CAR T-cell injection exhibited strikingly lower bioluminescence signal than mice treated with Non-CAR T cells and MOCK-CAR T cells, indicating that the vast majority of KG1a leukemia cells were eradicated by GRP78-CAR T cells in vivo (Supplementary Figures S3B,C).