GDF15 and thyroid tumor: We integrated all the available transcriptomic datasets of the gene expression profile from THCA and non-THCA tumors and identified graded levels: grade 1 (ETV5, FN1, and NRCAM), grade 2 (ABCC3 and ETV4), grade 3 (ALDH1A3, CKS2, GALE, GDF15, and GGCT), and grade 4 (MAMLD1, MAP4K4, PSD3, PTP4A3, TNFRSF10B, TNIK, TUSC3, and ZMAT3) levels of biomarker signatures for THCA (TTEPs), and two microRNAs collectively known as thyroid tumor-enriched miRs (TTEmiRs).