The results showed that the intervention of rats with insomnia using valerian essential oil could increased the protein expression of 5-HT1AR, ADCY5, PKA, and GABAA in the hippocampus, increase the serum levels of 5-HT and GABA, decreased the DA level, and increased the mRNA transcripts of 5-HT1AR, ADCY5, PKA, and GABAA in the hippocampus of rats. This evidence concerns the gene ADCY5 and insomnia measurement.