ACTA1 and cancer: Owing to tissue heterogeneity, the marker genes for CAFs vary among cancers and CAFs have been classified into diverse subtypes and display distinct functions.[55, 56, 57, 58] Previous studies have isolated cancer stromal fibroblasts as a whole or used α‐SMA (encoded by ACTA2), FAP, and vimentin as staining markers for CAFs in CSCC,[59, 97] but detailed investigations on the subtypes of CAFs in CSCC remain scarce.