To investigate the function of schizophrenia-related down-regulated miR-501-3p, we generated Mir501–knockout (KO) mice by inverting the Mir501 gene and flanking it with the FLEx cassette (Fig. 2A), resulting in deficiencies in miR-501-3p and miR-501-5p expression in the absence of Cre. Here, MIR501 is linked to schizophrenia.