By detecting the levels of mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins and inflammatory factors, we observed mitophagy disorder and excessive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in APP/PS1 transgenic mice, confirming that melatonin can improve mitophagy and inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activity in AD animal models. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is Alzheimer disease.