As shown in Table 1, patients with depression had the following characteristics: female sex, older age, lower BMI, decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (≤60 ml/min/1.73 m2), higher NYHA class (IV vs. III), higher NT-proBNP levels, lower serum sodium concentration, diabetes mellitus, COPD, and anemia. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and depressive symptom measurement.