The signature cytokine-secreting T-cell subsets including Th1 (IFN-γ), Th2 (IL-4 and IL-13), Tfh (IL-13), and Treg (IL-10) were also detected; the percentage of IFN-γ-positive Th1 in the ABPA group was 69.62% ± 13.52%, which was higher than that in the HDM group (34.23% ± 9.95%) (p<0.05). Here, IL4 is linked to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.