ATP1A3 and dystonia 12: Several reasons may contribute to this finding: (1) Incomplete penetrance of ATP1A3 is very common, the symptoms of the parents of the proband may be milder, more atypical, and even asymptomatic, resulting in some patients being diagnosed at an older age; (2) In the early period when the disease of RDP was recognized for family patients, the genetic diagnosis technologies at that time were not advanced, which also might lead to misdiagnosis or diagnosis delay.