In this study investigating the factors associated with an unfavorable clinical course among 117 patients requiring hospitalization owing to PID, complications of TOA, smoking, postmenopausal status, past medical history of PID, and high CRP level at admission were significantly associated with increased risk of emergency surgery; among patients with successful expectant management, high WBC and CRP levels at admission were significantly associated with prolonged hospitalization. The gene discussed is CRP; the disease is pelvic inflammatory disease.