There was also an overall decrease in inflammatory gene sets in IPF lung tissue compared with normal lung, whereas IL11RA, a component of IL11/IL11RA/IL6ST signaling complex that is involved in the control of proliferation and/or differentiation of skeletogenic progenitor or other mesenchymal cells, was increased in IPF vascular smooth muscle. Here, IL11RA is linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.