There was also a significant decrease in the expression of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), which we confirmed with RNA-ISH suggesting lack of ability of IPF tissue to respond to reactive oxygen species generation (Figures 7C and S7A), as well as genes associated with the interferon alpha response (Figure 7D). Here, SOD2 is linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.