Regardless of insulin status, diabetic patients were older, were more frequently male, had a higher body mass index (BMI) and HAS–BLED score, as well as a higher prevalence of persistent/permanent AF, perceived frailty, systemic hypertension, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral artery disease and coronary heart disease vs those without diabetes (Table 1). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is coronary artery disorder.