Calprotectin, which was found in the extracellular milieu during infections and inflammatory episodes, has been identified as an important endogenous alarmin, one of the damage-associated molecular pattern molecules that acts as a ligand for the Toll-like receptor 4 receptor and amplifies the inflammation cascade via NF-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase [15]. The gene discussed is MAPK14; the disease is infection.