IFN-I, including IFN-α and IFN-β, further triggers the phosphorylation of TFs STAT1 and STAT2 via the JAK-STAT pathway to induce over 300 IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), which synergistically inhibit viral infection by targeting almost all the steps of viral life cycles (9, 10). The gene discussed is STAT1; the disease is viral infectious disease.