AKT1 and melanoma: In particular, members of the Rac subfamily (Rac1, Rac2 and Rac3) have emerged as key GTPases obligatory for membrane ruffling and lamellipodia formation in cell types ranging from metastasizing melanoma cells to mesenchymal fibroblasts, neurons and platelets (McCarty et al., 2005; Schaks et al., 2018; Steffen et al., 2013; Tahirovic et al., 2010).