In the current study, the reported significant associations of PDR patients carrying HIF-1α rs11549465 CT and/or TT with the changes in the AGEP, VCAM-1, and CTRP3 levels despite the insignificant association of this SNP with the development of PDR may open a new window to understand the development of PDR among T2DM patients. This evidence concerns the gene VCAM1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.