The results revealed an obvious decrease in SOD and GSH, while there was an obvious increase in the MDA level in the EG group compared to the control group; nevertheless, after treatment with P. petiolosa extract, SOD and GSH level were notably upregulated, and MDA level was lowered in rat kidney tissue (Figures 3(a)–3(c)) and indicated that the treatment of urolithiasis rats with P. petiolosa extract may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress. This evidence concerns the gene SOD1 and urolithiasis.