CTLA4 and melanoma: We applied the CAFDL signature to multiple immunotherapy cohorts and found that non-responders to ICIs had significantly higher CAFDL scores compared with responders in Gide’s cohort (melanoma treated with anti–programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) antibody; Figure 4F), Kim’s cohort (gastric cancer treated with anti–PD-1 antibody; Figure 4G), and GSE91061 (melanoma treated with anti–PD-1 antibody; Figure 4H).