Furthermore, lower NKp46 expression on NK cells (18), phenotypic and functional defects of NK cells (17) or defective NK cell maturation (19) have been reported to be associated with adverse clinical outcomes in AML patients treated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) (18) or chemotherapy (17, 19). The gene discussed is NCR1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.