The absolute number and percentage of Th1 cells in ACPA+ RA patients were significantly higher compared to ACPA- RA patients and HCs (p < 0.001), while the absolute number and percentage of Treg cells in ACPA+ and ACPA- RA patients were lower compared to HCs (p < 0.05). The gene discussed is PRTN3; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.