In addition, acute HIV infection compared to uninfected controls, was linked to increased frequencies of central memory (CM, CD45RA-CD28+) (p= 0.001), effector memory (EM, CD45RA-CD28-) (p< 0.0001), and terminally differentiated (TD, CD45RA+CD28-) FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells (p= 0.01) (Figures 1D-F). This evidence concerns the gene CD28 and HIV infectious disease.