Chronic tissue inflammation and damage caused by leucocytes are pathological markers of JIA, and some studies have shown that the levels of soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in JIA patients are significantly higher than those in normal controls in both the active stage and clinical remission (62, 63). The gene discussed is ICAM1; the disease is juvenile idiopathic arthritis.