Induction of EMT by TGFβ overcomes KRAS-MEK dependency in NSCLC through activation of FGFR1 signaling 127, bypasses KRAS dependency in PDAC via activation of MYC and replication-regulatory genes 102 and drives G12Ci resistance by activation of IGFR-IRS1-PI3K pathway in NSCLC 146. Here, IRS1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.