Moreover, in the mouse model of PD induced by MTPP, aberrant Cdk5 results in activation of inflammation (Cheng et al., 2020), immune hyperactivity (Shukla et al., 2019), mitochondrial fission (Park et al., 2019), and degradation of ubiquitin ligases (Wang et al., 2018), leading to the loss of dopaminergic neurons. This evidence concerns the gene CDK5 and Parkinson disease.