* No significant difference in IL-1β protein levels between the T2DM and the HC group.* No significant difference in IL-1β levels between the acarbose-treated and metformin-treated T2DM subgroups.* No significant differences in IL-1β levels were observed between the T2DM patients and the HC after 12 months of treatment.* After 6 months or 12 months of treatment, the variation margins of IL-2, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and ferritin levels were similar between the acarbose-treated and metformin-treated T2DM subgroups. Here, IL2 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.