CSF2 and neoplasm: The duality of immune inflammation will also become a golden period for the body to promote tumor proliferation after CSM-TACE, because it will increase the levels of a series of inflammatory factors that promote tumor growth, including SCF, M-CSF, G-CSF, GM-CSF, VEGF, COX-2 and PGE2, etc. (18), these repair factors will up-regulate the level of MDSCs (19), enhance the CTLA-4 pathway-dependent Treg/DC cell contact inhibition ability, reduce the body’s anti-tumor ability, and then cause tumor escape (20).