In vitro, small extracellular vesicles from melanoma cells overexpressing wild-type nSMase2 enhance the expression of IL12, CXCL9, and CCL19 in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, suggesting that melanoma nSMase2 triggers Th1 polarization at the earliest stages of the immune response (115). The gene discussed is SMPD3; the disease is melanoma.