The patient-derived xenograft (PDX) trans-differentiation model (LTL331/LTL331R) is a typical hormone-naïve AR/PSA-positive adenocarcinoma that upon castration initially regresses, but eventually relapses as terminally-differentiated AR-negative neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) (LTL331R) (Fig. 1a), adequately reflecting the clinical scenario in humans following ARPI37,38. This evidence concerns the gene AR and adenocarcinoma.