AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Zhen et al. reported that alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-expressing Dex could induce potent antigen-specific immune responses in ectopic or orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mice, improved the immune microenvironment of autologous tumors, and decrease the amount of immune stimulation cell and CD8+ CTL infiltration, levels of immunosuppressive cytokines and the number of Treg cells [149].