TNF and neoplasm: Pro-inflammatory cytokine production including tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) (Fig. 5a, b), IFNγ (Fig. 5c, d), and IL-2 (Fig. 5e,f) were significantly elevated in tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells from Salmonella + Alb-IL2 treated mice compared to mice treated with Salmonella or Alb-IL2 alone.