As expected, increased PBX1 expression significantly reduced intracellular NAD and ATP depletion and also increased SIRT1 expression in HF-MSCs, suggesting that PBX1 participates in the attenuation of cellular senescence and apoptosis in HF-MSCs, possibly by interfering with the SIRT1-PARP1 axis. Here, PARP1 is linked to hydrops fetalis.